In today’s society, Science and Technology (S&T) leads to innovation and contributes greatly to developments of human society. On the contrary, these developments have brought various societal challenges, including depletions of natural resources, destructions of global environments, explosions of population and expansions of income disparities. Also, in order to cope with these societal challenges, there are growing expectations for further developments of S&T and realization of Innovation. 

To meet with such expectations, and under limited financial resources, Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policy is required to develop with scientific rationality in policy-formation process; it should be formed based on evidence (scientific evidence). 

This evidence includes systematic observations and analysis of structures and dynamics of the society and the economy. Then, based on the observations, societal challenges to be coped with S&T should be discovered and identified. Furthermore, solutions for the challenges should be provided, with the current level and the potential of S&T. The primary purpose to make this strategic proposal, to construct Science of STI policy for evidence-based policy-formation, is to meet with these social demands. 

On the other hand, STI bears uncertainty in the process and requires a long period to yield outcomes. Thus, it is difficult to analyze and evaluate the economic and social impacts of STI policy and indicate them scientifically. However, increasing the transparency of policy-formation process and assuring the accountability for the public, 

by providing evidences in policy-formation process to the society, are one of major driving forces to promote the Science of STI policy. 

The Science of STI policy is expected to develop as a new area of study by bringing together the diverse knowledge of related scientific fields, while utilizing the research on STI policy so far. Furthermore, the research results of the Science of STI policy must not end up as developments of scientific methodologies in pure academic. They are expected to be used in the practice of policy-formation and utilized as assets of the society. To that end, collaborations among stakeholders, including policy-makers and scientific community, should be promoted. 

The Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 and ensuing massive tsunami have caused great damages to the region ranging from Tohoku to Kanto areas of Japan. The nuclear power plant accident caused by the earthquake and tsunami has resulted in the leakage of radioactive materials in the nearby area and ocean. This has led to serious damages and impacts on the economy and the society both mentally 

and physically. Moreover, this disaster has raised major challenges to Japan and also for the rest of the world, for creating a social system which assures people’s security and safety and what role S&T should play to achieve such assurance. Accordingly, in an effort to recover from the disaster and restore Japan, it is required to reshape STI policy towards a creation of a security-assured social system in the future, by mobilizing wisdoms on the potential of S&T. 

In this strategic proposal, the philosophy of the design to develop the Science of STI policy is firstly proposed. Then, the guiding principle for the realization of the philosophy is derived. Finally, the strategy to implement the guiding principle is proposed.